防御性驾驶：66 道练习题与答案

你应该怎样使用图中的加速车道？

How should you use the acceleration lane shown here?

1. A开到尽头停下，等大空档Stop at its end and wait for a big gap
2. B慢慢开，方便观察车流Drive slowly so you can see traffic
3. C加速到与车流同速，避免停车，让行后再并入右车道Speed up to the flow of traffic, avoid stopping, and yield before moving into the right lane
4. D一进加速车道就立即并入Merge right away at the start of the lane

装有防抱死刹车系统(ABS)的车辆应如何刹车？

How should you brake in a vehicle with an anti-lock braking system (ABS)?

1. A快速连续踩放刹车踏板Pump the brake pedal rapidly
2. B持续稳定踩住刹车，不要点刹，也不要猛打方向盘Apply steady pressure and do not pump or jerk the steering wheel
3. C使用手刹Use the parking brake
4. D挂空挡并点刹Shift into neutral and pump the brakes

在松散碎石或未压实的积雪等很软的路面上，防抱死刹车系统(ABS)可能会：

On very soft surfaces such as loose gravel or unpacked snow, an anti-lock braking system (ABS) may:

1. A缩短停车距离Shorten stopping distance
2. B完全失效Stop working completely
3. C延长停车距离Lengthen stopping distance
4. D使车轮抱死Lock the wheels

以下哪种情况可能导致车内或车辆周围的一氧化碳达到危险浓度？

Which of the following can cause dangerous levels of carbon monoxide in or around a vehicle?

1. A开着后备箱或后掀门行驶Driving with the trunk or rear tailgate open
2. B在车库内怠速，即使车库门开着Idling in a garage, even with the garage door open
3. C排气管被雪、树叶或水堵塞A tailpipe blocked by snow, leaves, or water
4. D以上皆是All of the above

上车之前，你应该：

Before getting into your vehicle, you should:

1. A用遥控启动发动机Start the engine with a remote starter
2. B查看车辆后方和前方Look both behind and in front of the vehicle
3. C在车外调整后视镜Adjust the mirrors from outside
4. D按喇叭Sound the horn

驾驶者开车时所需的信息中，大约有多少来自视觉？

About how much of the information a motorist needs while driving is visual?

1. A超过50%More than 50 percent
2. B超过75%More than 75 percent
3. C约60%About 60 percent
4. D超过95%More than 95 percent

停车距离取决于：

Stopping distance depends on:

1. A驾驶者反应时间和车速Driver reaction time and speed
2. B天气、能见度和路况Weather, visibility, and roadway conditions
3. C车辆重量以及刹车和轮胎状况Vehicle weight and the condition of brakes and tires
4. D以上皆是All of the above

根据2026年手册的表格，以30英里/小时行驶时总停车距离约为：

According to the 2026 manual's table, the total stopping distance at 30 mph is about:

1. A53英尺53 feet
2. B88英尺88 feet
3. C102英尺102 feet
4. D167英尺167 feet

根据2026年手册的表格，以40英里/小时行驶时总停车距离约为：

According to the 2026 manual's table, the total stopping distance at 40 mph is about:

1. A167英尺167 feet
2. B149英尺149 feet
3. C102英尺102 feet
4. D247英尺247 feet

根据2026年手册的表格，以50英里/小时行驶时总停车距离约为：

According to the 2026 manual's table, the total stopping distance at 50 mph is about:

1. A186英尺186 feet
2. B247英尺247 feet
3. C327英尺327 feet
4. D343英尺343 feet

大多数驾驶者在大多数交通情况下的典型反应时间约为：

Most motorists, under most traffic conditions, have a typical reaction time of about:

1. A1/4秒1/4 second
2. B3/4秒3/4 second
3. C2秒2 seconds
4. D4秒4 seconds

即使在干燥路面上，如果司机猛打方向盘并刹车，装有ABS的车辆在低至多少的车速下就可能失控？

An ABS-equipped vehicle may lose control at speeds as low as ____ if the driver violently jerks the steering wheel and brakes, even on dry pavement.

1. A15英里/小时15 mph
2. B25英里/小时25 mph
3. C35英里/小时35 mph
4. D55英里/小时55 mph

加速车道是：

An acceleration lane is:

1. A用于超车的左车道The left lane used for passing
2. B高速公路入口处供车辆加速汇入车流的附加车道An extra lane at a highway entrance used to speed up to join traffic
3. C高速公路出口处供车辆减速的附加车道An extra lane at a highway exit used to slow down
4. D仅供紧急车辆使用的车道A lane for emergency vehicles only

从加速车道驶入高速公路时，你应该：

When entering a highway from an acceleration lane, you should:

1. A在车道尽头完全停车后再汇入Come to a complete stop at the end of the lane before merging
2. B期待高速公路上的车辆给你让行Expect traffic on the highway to yield to you
3. C加速至车流速度，并让行已在主路上的车辆Speed up to the flow of traffic and yield to traffic already on the road
4. D直接驶入左车道Move directly into the left lane

如果你在高速公路、公园大道或收费公路上错过了出口，你应该：

If you miss your exit on a highway, parkway, or turnpike, you should:

1. A沿路肩倒车回到出口Back up on the shoulder to the exit
2. B停车等待车流减少Stop and wait for traffic to clear
3. C穿过中央分隔带掉头Make a U-turn through the median
4. D继续开到下一个出口Go on to the next exit

如果你的车辆在高速公路上抛锚，你应该：

If your vehicle becomes disabled on the highway, you should:

1. A沿公路步行寻求帮助Walk along the highway to find help
2. B搭乘任何停下来的人的车Accept a ride from anyone who stops
3. C发动机运转着停在行车道上Stay in the travel lane with the engine running
4. D驶到路肩，打开警示灯，掀起引擎盖，系好安全带并锁好车门留在车内Pull onto the shoulder, turn on flashers, raise the hood, and stay in the locked vehicle with your seatbelt on

进入弯道的最佳方法是：

The best way to enter a curve is to:

1. A在弯道中间用力刹车Brake hard in the middle of the curve
2. B进入前减速，并避免偏入其他车道Slow down before entering and avoid drifting into another lane
3. C加速驶入弯道Accelerate into the curve
4. D沿道路中心行驶Drive in the center of the road

如果对向来车开着远光灯，你应该：

If an approaching vehicle has its high beams on, you should:

1. A看向道路右侧，直到它通过Look to the right side of the road until it passes
2. B向对方闪远光灯Flash your high beams at the driver
3. C直视对方车灯Look directly at the headlights
4. D也打开你的远光灯Turn on your high beams too

标准的防撞（预防车祸）公式是：

The standard crash-prevention formula is:

1. A保持警惕Be alert
2. B做好准备Be prepared
3. C及时反应Act in time
4. D以上皆是All of the above

以下哪一项不属于手册所列的攻击性驾驶行为？

Which of the following is NOT listed as an aggressive driving action?

1. A突然改变车速Unexpectedly altering the speed of the vehicle
2. B不当或飘忽不定地变换车道Making improper or erratic lane changes
3. C跟上车流速度Keeping up with the flow of traffic
4. D跟车太近Following another vehicle too closely

使驾驶者的思想或注意力离开道路的分心类型称为：

A distraction that takes the driver's mind or attention off the road is called a:

1. A视觉分心Visual distraction
2. B认知分心Cognitive distraction
3. C手动分心Manual distraction
4. D听觉分心Auditory distraction

“玛姬法”（Maggie's Law）规定以下哪项违法？

Maggie's Law makes it illegal to:

1. A明知睡眠不足仍驾驶车辆Knowingly drive while impaired by lack of sleep
2. B驾驶时使用免提电话Use a hands-free phone while driving
3. C连续驾驶超过4小时不休息Drive more than four hours without a break
4. D夜间独自驾驶Drive at night without a passenger

为避免“公路催眠”，驾驶者应该：

To avoid highway hypnosis, a motorist should:

1. A频繁变换车道Change lanes frequently
2. B打电话聊天Talk on the cell phone
3. C开快一点尽早到达Drive faster to reach the destination sooner
4. D不要盯着任何一样东西超过几秒钟Not look at any one thing for more than a few seconds

长途驾驶时，建议驾驶者至少每隔多久休息一次？

On a long trip, it is recommended that a motorist rest at least every:

1. A1小时Hour
2. B2小时Two hours
3. C4小时Four hours
4. D6小时Six hours

跟车距离的经验法则是：车速每10英里/小时，至少保持___的距离。

The rule of thumb for following distance is to keep at least ___ for each 10 mph of speed.

1. A一个车身长度One car length
2. B两个车身长度Two car lengths
3. C三个车身长度Three car lengths
4. D四个车身长度Four car lengths

使用“三秒以上规则”时，应在何时开始数秒？

When using the three-seconds-plus rule, you start counting when:

1. A你自己的车经过某个固定物体时You pass a fixed object
2. B前车经过前方某个固定物体时The vehicle in front passes a fixed object ahead
3. C前车刹车时The vehicle in front brakes
4. D你在后视镜中看到前车时You see the vehicle in front in your mirror

在恶劣天气或湿滑路面上，“三秒以上规则”的跟车时间应增加到：

During bad weather or on wet roads, the three-seconds-plus following interval should be increased to:

1. A2秒Two seconds
2. B3秒Three seconds
3. C3至4秒Three to four seconds
4. D4秒或更多Four or more seconds

总停车距离等于：

Total stopping distance is equal to:

1. A仅反应距离＋刹车距离Reaction distance + braking distance only
2. B仅感知距离＋刹车距离Perception distance + braking distance only
3. C感知距离＋反应距离＋刹车距离Perception distance + reaction distance + braking distance
4. D跟车距离＋刹车距离Following distance + braking distance

根据最小安全跟车距离表，时速30英里在湿滑路面上至少应保持：

According to the minimum safe following distance table, at 30 mph on wet pavement you should stay back at least:

1. A3个车身长度3 car lengths
2. B6个车身长度6 car lengths
3. C9个车身长度9 car lengths
4. D18个车身长度18 car lengths

在湿滑路面上，轮胎大约从多少车速开始可能出现“水滑”（hydroplaning）？

On wet roads, tires can begin to hydroplane at speeds starting at about:

1. A25英里/小时25 mph
2. B35英里/小时35 mph
3. C45英里/小时45 mph
4. D55英里/小时55 mph

发生水滑时，车速超过多少时轮胎可能完全脱离路面，几乎无法刹车？

When hydroplaning, at about what speed may tires totally leave the road surface, making braking virtually impossible?

1. A35英里/小时35 mph
2. B45英里/小时45 mph
3. C55英里/小时55 mph
4. D65英里/小时65 mph

在多车道高速公路上遇到大暴雨时，最好在哪里行驶？

In a heavy rainstorm on a multiple-lane highway, it is best to drive:

1. A最右侧靠近路肩的车道In the far right lane, near the shoulder
2. B道路最高处，例如中间车道On the highest point of the road, such as the center lane
3. C最左侧车道In the far left lane
4. D路肩上On the shoulder

根据新泽西州法律，如果冰块从你的车上飞出并造成伤害或财产损失：

Under New Jersey law, if ice flies from your vehicle and causes injury or property damage:

1. A因属于天气原因，无人负责No one is responsible because it is weather-related
2. B道路养护部门负责The road maintenance agency is responsible
3. C驾驶者负责The motorist is responsible
4. D只有不在车上的车主负责Only the vehicle's owner is responsible if they were not driving

在冰雪路面上，驾驶者出现以下哪种情况会导致车辆打滑？

On snow and ice, a vehicle will skid if the motorist:

1. A加速过快Accelerates too quickly
2. B转弯过快Turns too fast
3. C刹车不当Brakes improperly
4. D以上皆是All of the above

如果你的车配有防抱死刹车系统（ABS），在湿滑路面需要停车时，你应该：

If your vehicle has anti-lock brakes (ABS) and you must stop on a slippery road, you should:

1. A持续踩住刹车踏板，不要点刹（反复踩放）Keep your foot on the brake pedal and not pump the brakes
2. B快速反复点刹Pump the brakes quickly
3. C挂空挡滑行Shift into neutral and coast
4. D只使用手刹（驻车制动）Use only the parking brake

在结冰路面以及压实或很深的积雪中，什么能提供最好的牵引力？

What provides the best traction on ice and in hard-packed or deep snow?

1. A雪地轮胎Snow tires
2. B全季轮胎All-season tires
3. C防滑链Tire chains
4. D气压偏低的轮胎Under-inflated tires

在新泽西州，带钉雪地轮胎可在哪段时间内使用？

In New Jersey, studded snow tires may be used between:

1. A10月15日至5月15日October 15 and May 15
2. B11月1日至3月1日November 1 and March 1
3. C12月1日至4月15日December 1 and April 15
4. D11月15日至4月1日November 15 and April 1

在积雪覆盖的道路上，良好的跟车距离规则是至少保持：

A good rule on snow-covered roads is to keep a following distance of at least:

1. A3秒Three seconds
2. B4秒Four seconds
3. C5秒Five seconds
4. D6秒Six seconds

在雾中驾驶时，你应该使用：

When driving in fog, you should use:

1. A近光灯，如有雾灯也应打开Low-beam headlights, and fog lights if equipped
2. B远光灯High-beam headlights
3. C仅示宽灯Parking lights only
4. D不开灯，以免反光No lights, to avoid glare

如果能见度大幅降低（如浓雾），你应该：

If visibility becomes greatly reduced (e.g., heavy fog), you should:

1. A加速尽快离开该区域Speed up to get out of the area quickly
2. B改用远光灯Switch to high beams
3. C停在行车道上等待Stop in the travel lane and wait
4. D在路边或路肩上远离车流停车，并打开紧急双闪灯Stop alongside the road or on the shoulder, out of traffic, and turn on emergency flashers

夜间驾驶时，车速应慢到能够：

At night, you should drive slowly enough to be able to stop:

1. A在4个车身长度内停车Within 4 car lengths
2. B在车头灯照亮的距离内停车Within the distance lighted by your headlights
3. C刹车后10秒内停车Within 10 seconds of braking
4. D在信号灯变红所需时间内停车Within the time it takes a light to turn red

根据手册的夜间驾驶停车距离表（使用近光灯），时速50英里的总停车距离约为：

According to the manual's night driving table (low beams), the total stopping distance at 50 mph is about:

1. A135英尺135 feet
2. B243英尺243 feet
3. C302英尺302 feet
4. D409英尺409 feet

驾驶者踩下刹车之前车辆所行驶的距离称为：

The distance a vehicle travels before the driver hits the brake is called the:

1. A刹车距离Braking distance
2. B跟车距离Following distance
3. C反应距离Reaction distance
4. D视线距离Sight distance

在城市驾驶时，驾驶者应至少向前看多远？

In city driving, a motorist should look ahead at least:

1. A4秒4 seconds
2. B6秒6 seconds
3. C8秒8 seconds
4. D12秒12 seconds

施工区通常在工作区之前多远处设有预警标志或车辆闪灯？

Work zones are identified by an advance warning sign or flashing lights on a vehicle up to how far before the work area?

1. A100英尺100 feet
2. B500英尺500 feet
3. C半英里One-half mile
4. D2英里Two miles

车辆行驶中绝不能把点火开关转到锁止位置，因为：

You should never turn the ignition to the lock position while the vehicle is moving because:

1. A方向盘会锁死，你将失去控制The steering will lock and you will lose control
2. B刹车会抱死The brakes will lock
3. C变速箱会锁死The transmission will lock
4. D油门踏板会卡住The gas pedal will stick

如果车辆尾部开始打滑，你应该：

If the rear of your vehicle starts to skid, you should:

1. A猛踩刹车，并向打滑的反方向转动方向盘Brake hard and steer away from the skid
2. B松开油门，并朝车尾打滑的方向转动方向盘Take your foot off the gas and steer in the direction the rear is skidding
3. C加速并保持方向盘直线Accelerate and keep the wheel straight
4. D迅速将方向盘转向打滑的反方向Quickly turn the wheel away from the direction of the skid

在高速公路紧急停车时，除了在车后放置警示装置，还应在后方至少多远处再放一个？

During an emergency highway stop, you should place a warning device behind the vehicle and another at least how far back?

1. A50英尺50 feet
2. B100英尺100 feet
3. C200英尺200 feet
4. D300英尺（约120步）300 feet (about 120 paces)

在高速公路路边停车后，如何示意你需要帮助？

After pulling off the highway, how can you signal that you need help?

1. A打开引擎盖，并在天线或左侧车门把手上系一块白布Raise the hood and tie a white cloth to the antenna or left door handle
2. B站在车后向来车挥手Stand behind the vehicle and wave at traffic
3. C打开远光灯Turn on your high beams
4. D持续鸣笛Sound your horn continuously

如果车轮偏离到路肩上，应减速到多少以下才能转回路面？

If your wheels drift onto the shoulder, you should return to the pavement only after slowing to:

1. A45英里/小时或以下45 mph or less
2. B35英里/小时或以下35 mph or less
3. C25英里/小时或以下25 mph or less
4. D5英里/小时或以下5 mph or less

车辆起火时，你应该：

In case of a car fire, you should:

1. A打开引擎盖灭火Open the hood to put the fire out
2. B让所有人立即下车远离车辆并呼救；切勿自行灭火Get everyone out and away from the vehicle and call for help; never try to put it out
3. C开到最近的加油站Drive to the nearest gas station
4. D往发动机上浇水Pour water on the engine

车辆坠入水中时，若车窗和车门紧闭，大约能漂浮多久？

A vehicle that plunges into water with its windows and doors closed will float for about:

1. A30秒30 seconds
2. B1分钟One minute
3. C3至10分钟Three to ten minutes
4. D30分钟30 minutes

车辆坠入水中，趁车辆仍漂浮时最好的逃生方式是：

If your vehicle plunges into water, the best way to escape while it is still floating is to:

1. A等车内灌满水Wait for the vehicle to fill with water
2. B立即顶着水压强行推开车门Force the door open immediately against the water
3. C留在车内打电话求救Stay inside and call for help
4. D从打开的车窗逃出Escape through an open window

如果车辆在铁轨上熄火，你应该：

If your vehicle stalls on railroad tracks, you should:

1. A不断尝试重新启动发动机Keep trying to restart the engine
2. B让所有人下车并远离车辆和铁轨，即使没有火车驶来Get everyone out and move far away from the vehicle and tracks, even if no train is coming
3. C留在车内并打开双闪灯Stay in the vehicle with your flashers on
4. D尝试把车推离铁轨Try to push the vehicle off the tracks

车辆在铁轨上熄火且火车正在驶来时，你应该朝哪个方向跑？

If you are stalled on the tracks and a train is approaching, you should run:

1. A以45度角离开铁轨，朝向火车驶来的方向At a 45-degree angle away from the tracks, toward the direction the train is coming from
2. B沿着铁轨背离火车直跑Straight down the tracks away from the train
3. C以45度角离开铁轨，与火车行进方向相同At a 45-degree angle away from the tracks, in the same direction the train is traveling
4. D直接横穿到铁轨另一侧Straight across to the other side

如果传统刹车突然失灵，你首先应该：

If your conventional brakes suddenly fail, you should first:

1. A关闭点火开关Turn off the ignition
2. B换入低速挡，并快速用力地反复踩刹车踏板Shift to a lower gear and pump the brake pedal fast and hard
3. C挂空挡滑行Shift into neutral and coast
4. D立即转向开上草地Steer onto the grass immediately

车辆爆胎时，你不应该：

If you have a tire blowout, you should NOT:

1. A紧握方向盘Hold the steering wheel firmly
2. B保持车辆直行Keep the vehicle straight
3. C松开油门Take your foot off the gas pedal
4. D立即猛踩刹车Brake hard immediately

如果油门踏板卡住，你应该保持目视前方并：

If the gas pedal sticks, you should keep your eyes on the road and:

1. A迅速换到空挡Quickly shift to neutral
2. B将点火开关转到锁止位置Turn the ignition to lock
3. C弯腰用手去拉起踏板Reach down to free the pedal
4. D挂倒挡Shift into reverse

如果在雨雪中雨刷突然停止工作，你应该：

If your windshield wipers suddenly stop during rain or snow, you should:

1. A摇下车窗，把头伸出去看路Roll down the window and put your head out to see
2. B加速尽快回家Speed up to get home quickly
3. C减速，驶到路外安全处，并打开紧急双闪灯Slow down, pull to a safe area off the roadway and turn on emergency flashers
4. D紧跟前车行驶Follow the car ahead closely

如果你发现车辆可能会撞上某物，可以采取的三种选择是：

If you see that your vehicle may hit something, your three choices are to:

1. A鸣笛、闪灯或挥手Honk, flash lights, or wave
2. B停车、转向或加速Stop, turn, or speed up
3. C闭眼、撑住或刹车Close your eyes, brace, or brake
4. D倒车、停车或关闭发动机Reverse, park, or turn off the engine

如果无法避免碰撞，最好撞向：

If a crash cannot be avoided, it is better to hit:

1. A能缓冲的物体，例如灌木丛Something that will give way, such as bushes or shrubs
2. B树或电线杆A tree or pole
3. C迎面驶来的车辆A vehicle coming straight at you
4. D石墙A stone wall

如果你的车即将被追尾，你应该：

If your vehicle is about to be hit from the rear, you should:

1. A松开刹车并向前倾Release the brakes and lean forward
2. B关闭点火开关Turn the ignition off
3. C扑倒在座椅上Throw yourself across the seat
4. D准备刹车，撑稳身体，并将后脑紧贴头枕Be ready to brake, brace yourself and press the back of your head against the headrest

即将发生正面碰撞时，如果你系着肩带且车辆配有安全气囊，你应该：

If you are about to be hit head-on and you are wearing a shoulder strap in a vehicle with airbags, you should:

1. A扑倒在座椅上Throw yourself across the seat
2. B用手臂和双手保护面部Use your arms and hands to protect your face
3. C解开安全带Unbuckle your seat belt
4. D向方向盘方向前倾Lean toward the steering wheel

如果你撞到一辆停着的车，你必须：

If you hit a parked vehicle, you must:

1. A通知警察并设法找到车主Notify the police and try to find the owner
2. B留下纸条后离开Leave a note and drive away
3. C只通知你的保险公司Notify only your insurance company
4. D如果损坏轻微，无需处理Do nothing if the damage is minor

如果车祸造成人员受伤或财产损失超过500美元，且警方未提交报告，你必须在多少天内向MVC提交书面报告？

If a crash causes injury or more than $500 in property damage and no police report is filed, you must send a written report to the MVC within:

1. A24小时24 hours
2. B5天5 days
3. C10天10 days
4. D30天30 days

防范动物突然冲上道路导致事故的最佳办法是：

The best defense against crashes involving animals that dart onto the road is to:

1. A遇到动物时急打方向绕开Swerve sharply around any animal
2. B留意前方道路两侧的动物并做好应对准备Watch for animals on both sides of the road ahead and be prepared
3. C始终使用远光灯Use high beams at all times
4. D加速迅速通过Speed up to get past quickly